Are THC Gummies and Other Edibles During Pregnancy a Go or a No?

Maybe you took the occasional edible or THC gummy to relieve anxiety or help with sleep before pregnancy. But now that you’re expecting, you might be wondering: Can you take edibles while pregnant?

Edibles are seemingly everywhere. From gummies to baked goods to even seltzers in a variety of flavors and strengths, for many people they’ve become a popular alternative to alcohol and a quick pathway to relaxation. But we’ll be blunt about it (pun intended): Even if it’s legal in your state, there’s no safe level of cannabis during pregnancy. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) all warn against cannabis while pregnant and breastfeeding.

“When it comes to pregnancy, there’s no difference between THC and CBD, as both cross the placenta, irrespective of the form in which they’re ingested or consumed: edibles, smoking and vaping or oils,” says Nada Mallick, MD, a pediatrician and critical care specialist at Children’s National Hospital in Washington, D.C.

Ahead, why experts warn against edibles during pregnancy—plus some safe alternatives to try.

Key Takeaways

• Experts, including many major health organizations, warn against taking THC or CBD gummies or edibles during pregnancy. They also emphasize that any form of cannabis is unsafe while pregnant.
• Research says THC increases the risk of pregnancy complications including preterm labor, preeclampsia and placental abruption.
• If you accidentally eat an edible during pregnancy, it’s important to contact your ob-gyn right away. If your symptoms are severe, they might advise you to go to the ER.

Why Experts Advise Against Edibles During Pregnancy

Edibles might seem safer than smoking. But experts advise against taking edibles during pregnancy since they could harm both Mom and baby. Research suggests THC increases the chances of pregnancy complications including preterm labor, preeclampsia and placental abruption.

THC exposure and fetal brain development

“THC is the psychoactive component of cannabis and is associated with the majority of the concerns during pregnancy, as it can cross the placenta and affect fetal development,” explains Meleen Chuang, MD, chief of Obstetrics and Gynecology at NYU Langone Hospital Brooklyn. “It may disrupt the development of the brain and nervous system, which could affect learning and emotional control.”

Research has linked fetal marijuana exposure with executive functioning issues (like difficulties focusing and planning); behavioral issues (like impulsivity, hyperactivity, aggression and disruptiveness); and mental health issues (like depression, anxiety and substance use). Research also suggests THC exposure could lead to low birth weight and up the chance of birth defects.

Unpredictable dosing

“Edibles are metabolized differently by different individuals and…can deliver large, unpredictable doses irrespective of the amount ingested,” says Mallick. Feeling the full effects can take anywhere from 30 minutes to two hours, depending on the individual, says Chuang. This can make it easier to accidentally overdose.

Accidental Ingestion: What Happens If I Accidentally Ate an Edible During Pregnancy?

So, what happens if you accidentally eat an edible while pregnant? The best thing to do is call your ob-gyn, advises Mallick. “Going to the ER if there’s a suspected overdose might be necessary if symptoms are severe,” says Chuang. These can include intense anxiety and dizziness.

Edibles vs. Other Cannabis Products

It’s important to avoid THC-based edibles during pregnancy. But what about CBD gummies and other cannabis products? Experts explain below.

CBD edibles

CBD gummies have become popular, in part because cannabidiol is non-psychoactive. Still, no amount of CBD during pregnancy is safe, says Chuang. “The effects on the fetus aren’t known,” she says. Plus, since supplements aren’t regulated, products labeled “THC-free” could still contain measurable amounts of THC.

Vaping and smoking vs. edibles

The difference between vaping or smoking and edibles during pregnancy revolves around how quickly you feel the effects, says Mallick. You’ll experience the effects of smoking or vaping in seconds to minutes, as your body absorbs THC through your lungs and into your bloodstream, after which it crosses into the placenta. With edibles, which are absorbed through your digestive tract and metabolized by your liver, you’ll feel the effects in 30 to 120 minutes. “Edibles have a longer half-life, delayed and more intense peak, and are easier to accidentally overconsume,” explains Chuang.

Safe Alternatives for Common Pregnancy Complaints

If THC or CBD gummies are your current go-to for stress, you’ll have to choose an alternative to edibles while pregnant. Thankfully, there are lots of other effective ways to deal with anxiety, nausea and insomnia.

Alternative for nausea

“Ginger and peppermint tea and acupressure bands can help alleviate nausea without the risks of cannabis,” says Chuang. Other morning sickness remedies include various candies and lozenges. If nothing else does the trick, doctors often prescribe a combination of the antihistamine Unisom and vitamin B6.

Alternative for sleep

“Establishing a relaxing nighttime routine, using pregnancy-safe sleep aids—with approval from a healthcare provider—and taking a long walk can help,” says Chuang. Also try turning down the lights and shutting off devices a couple of hours before bed.

Alternative for anxiety and stress

“Techniques like prenatal yoga, mindfulness meditation and therapy can be helpful,” says Chuang. “In some cases, a healthcare provider might recommend safe, non-habit-forming medication if needed.”

To Sum It Up

Experts strongly advise against any form of cannabis while pregnant or breastfeeding—so it’s important to curb the herb. “The best practice is to avoid exposure to any recreational drugs, smoking tobacco, marijuana and alcohol during and after pregnancy,” says Chuang.

Please note: The Bump and the materials and information it contains are not intended to, and do not constitute, medical or other health advice or diagnosis and should not be used as such. You should always consult with a qualified physician or health professional about your specific circumstances.